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Ethyl Acetate Extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb Increases Cytotoxicity in the Human Breast, Prostate and Colorectal Cancer Cells

Received: 7 November 2018     Accepted: 22 November 2018     Published: 17 December 2018
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Abstract

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of ethyl acetate extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb on some human carcinomas - MCF 7 (human breast), C4-2WT (prostate), HT 29 and HTC 116 (colorectal) cell lines. Screening assays carried out to determine cytotoxicity include: - MTT (3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), clonogenic cell survival, Trypan Blue exclusion and methylene blue assays. Evaluation of the results showed that the extract strongly decreased the proliferation of the carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. The minimum concentration of the extract required for 50% inhibition (GI50) of the different cell lines calculated after MTT test were as follows: MCF-7 = 5.90 µg/ml, HCT 29 = 4.97 µg/ml, HCT 116 =11.86 µg/ml and C4-2WT = 9.48 µg/ml. Trypan Blue exclusion assay showed a decrease in the number of viable cells and an increase in the number of non-viable cells over 72 hrs post-treatment with the extract. Methylene blue assay showed that the number of viable cells, when their optical densities were measured over 72 hrs post-treatment, was reduced compared with the control. For clonogenic cell survival, there was an increase in cell proliferation and colony formation in the control cultures. However, cells treated with GI50 and 2X (twice) GI50 concentration of the extract showed a decrease in the number of colonies formed. The results indicate the cytotoxic potentials of the extract and therefore, suggests the use of ethyl acetate leaf extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb in preparing recipes for the management of cancer-related ailments.

Published in Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.jctr.20180603.12
Page(s) 44-53
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Senna alata (L) Roxb, Carcinoma Cells, Cytotoxicity, Clonogenic Cell Survival Assay

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Blessing Onyegeme-Okerenta, Keith Spriggs, Tracey Bradshaw. (2018). Ethyl Acetate Extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb Increases Cytotoxicity in the Human Breast, Prostate and Colorectal Cancer Cells. Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research, 6(3), 44-53. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20180603.12

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    ACS Style

    Blessing Onyegeme-Okerenta; Keith Spriggs; Tracey Bradshaw. Ethyl Acetate Extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb Increases Cytotoxicity in the Human Breast, Prostate and Colorectal Cancer Cells. J. Cancer Treat. Res. 2018, 6(3), 44-53. doi: 10.11648/j.jctr.20180603.12

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    AMA Style

    Blessing Onyegeme-Okerenta, Keith Spriggs, Tracey Bradshaw. Ethyl Acetate Extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb Increases Cytotoxicity in the Human Breast, Prostate and Colorectal Cancer Cells. J Cancer Treat Res. 2018;6(3):44-53. doi: 10.11648/j.jctr.20180603.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jctr.20180603.12,
      author = {Blessing Onyegeme-Okerenta and Keith Spriggs and Tracey Bradshaw},
      title = {Ethyl Acetate Extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb Increases Cytotoxicity in the Human Breast, Prostate and Colorectal Cancer Cells},
      journal = {Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research},
      volume = {6},
      number = {3},
      pages = {44-53},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jctr.20180603.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20180603.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jctr.20180603.12},
      abstract = {The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of ethyl acetate extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb on some human carcinomas - MCF 7 (human breast), C4-2WT (prostate), HT 29 and HTC 116 (colorectal) cell lines. Screening assays carried out to determine cytotoxicity include: - MTT (3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), clonogenic cell survival, Trypan Blue exclusion and methylene blue assays. Evaluation of the results showed that the extract strongly decreased the proliferation of the carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. The minimum concentration of the extract required for 50% inhibition (GI50) of the different cell lines calculated after MTT test were as follows: MCF-7 = 5.90 µg/ml, HCT 29 = 4.97 µg/ml, HCT 116 =11.86 µg/ml and C4-2WT = 9.48 µg/ml. Trypan Blue exclusion assay showed a decrease in the number of viable cells and an increase in the number of non-viable cells over 72 hrs post-treatment with the extract. Methylene blue assay showed that the number of viable cells, when their optical densities were measured over 72 hrs post-treatment, was reduced compared with the control. For clonogenic cell survival, there was an increase in cell proliferation and colony formation in the control cultures. However, cells treated with GI50 and 2X (twice) GI50 concentration of the extract showed a decrease in the number of colonies formed. The results indicate the cytotoxic potentials of the extract and therefore, suggests the use of ethyl acetate leaf extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb in preparing recipes for the management of cancer-related ailments.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Ethyl Acetate Extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb Increases Cytotoxicity in the Human Breast, Prostate and Colorectal Cancer Cells
    AU  - Blessing Onyegeme-Okerenta
    AU  - Keith Spriggs
    AU  - Tracey Bradshaw
    Y1  - 2018/12/17
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20180603.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jctr.20180603.12
    T2  - Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research
    JF  - Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research
    JO  - Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research
    SP  - 44
    EP  - 53
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-7790
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20180603.12
    AB  - The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of ethyl acetate extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb on some human carcinomas - MCF 7 (human breast), C4-2WT (prostate), HT 29 and HTC 116 (colorectal) cell lines. Screening assays carried out to determine cytotoxicity include: - MTT (3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), clonogenic cell survival, Trypan Blue exclusion and methylene blue assays. Evaluation of the results showed that the extract strongly decreased the proliferation of the carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. The minimum concentration of the extract required for 50% inhibition (GI50) of the different cell lines calculated after MTT test were as follows: MCF-7 = 5.90 µg/ml, HCT 29 = 4.97 µg/ml, HCT 116 =11.86 µg/ml and C4-2WT = 9.48 µg/ml. Trypan Blue exclusion assay showed a decrease in the number of viable cells and an increase in the number of non-viable cells over 72 hrs post-treatment with the extract. Methylene blue assay showed that the number of viable cells, when their optical densities were measured over 72 hrs post-treatment, was reduced compared with the control. For clonogenic cell survival, there was an increase in cell proliferation and colony formation in the control cultures. However, cells treated with GI50 and 2X (twice) GI50 concentration of the extract showed a decrease in the number of colonies formed. The results indicate the cytotoxic potentials of the extract and therefore, suggests the use of ethyl acetate leaf extract of Senna alata (L) Roxb in preparing recipes for the management of cancer-related ailments.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria

  • School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

  • School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

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